The rising use of IoT devices in Public Health Information Systems (PHIS) has revolutionized the way patient surveillance and record keeping is being done in real-time, but this has exposed systems to serious cybersecurity threats. Generated by using traditional approaches, like rule-based detection and basic artificial neural network-based models, is not capable of dealing with the dynamic and diverse nature of threats in IoT networks. These approaches are often inadequate in providing a detailed analysis of the attack especially because they do not have the ability to learn from sequences of features. This work presents an improved predictive analytics model using CNN with BiLSTM to improve cybersecurity in IoT connected PHIS. The CNN component performs feature extraction on spatial elements in the data received while the BiLSTM uncovers temporal dependencies and sequence of attacks, which enhance threats identification accuracy. The process of the proposed methodology includes dataset acquisition and cleansing of IoT healthcare datasets and finally, the training and testing of the model with the help of relevant parameter such as accuracy, precision, and recall values. Qualitative comparison with the baseline models also shows that the proposed hybrid CNN-BiLSTM model performs better, and it has fewer false alarms to detect a range of cyber threats. Accordingly, the results point to a feasible solution for enhancing security and reliability of IoT-based healthcare applications to protect patients’ record from cyber threats. © 2025 IEEE.